There is still a need for reliable biomarkers to identify ASD and accurately diagnose it. Brazilian researchers have proposed a quantitative diagnostic approach published in Scientific Reports, designed to assist clinicians in assessing and diagnosing the condition with greater accuracy and reducing misdiagnoses in more subtle cases.
The Research
For the aim of the proposed study, the Brazilian researchers took brain scan samples of 500 individuals, about half of whom had been diagnosed with ASD. Utilizing a method known as machine learning, they fed the brain scan data into the system. The system used machine learning to analyze the fMRI and EEG readings. The results, according to the system, showed that it was able to accurately identify patterns of brain alterations associated with ASD.
Results
The accuracy of the system, as reported, was above 95%. For the aim of the study. Professor of Computer Science, Dr. Rodríguez, explains that research on brain networks or cortical maps has been present for over two decades, offering an innovative view of neuroscience. He gave an example to illustrate the ramifications of brain change on behavior:
“Just as a broken road causes disruptions with traffic in a given area, so too can alterations within the brain affect behavior.”
Research Purpose
He further explains that the brain is akin to a circuit board. By employing brain scans, researchers could observe marked differences in the brains of those with Autism. The findings from these scans suggested that certain areas associated with memory, emotions, and cognition were not functioning at their peak efficiency when compared to individuals without the disorder.
Specifically, the cortical networks within their brains -the parts responsible for distributing information- seemed to have more segregation; in other words, they appeared to be less connected and had less information being shared among them. This may explain certain difficulties that ASD patients face.
Challenges
Rodrigo has pointed to a few challenges that must be faced before the research can be completed: first is data shortage-there is not enough data to be collected from the sources, and second is the complexity-the sheer number of professionals from multiple fields needed to complete the project. This may include physicists, statisticians, doctors, and neuroscientists.
Nevada Autism
The last decade has been a period of great progress in the realm of mental illness diagnosis, according to Rodrigues. In particular, Alzheimer’s Disease can now be determined much more accurately and with greater exactitude due to technological advances that allow medical personnel to observe the behavior of nerve cells in closer detail.
Statistics indicate that more than 9,000 individuals living in Nevada are registered as having Autism. Luckily, the Nevada Autism Center has been steadfast in its commitment to increasing awareness regarding ASD and the resources available. Through offering support groups, tailored therapies, and providing a wealth of information through websites.
Including insurance coverage, treatment plans, and educational assistance – we are dedicated to ensuring families have access to these valuable services for those with Autism.
